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Carthage
corner - Elmwood mine - USA
Collection et photo : Gérard Massé
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Cube
montrant des débuts de figures de dissolution.
Jaimina - Espagne.
Collection et photo : Raoul Konantz
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Dissolution
et figures de corosion des cristaux de fluorite
Texte
issu d'une traduction partielle de l'article de Paul Rustemeyer
- Lapis 11 - Décembre 2000
Résumé:
Dans
de nombreux endroits de la croute terrestre, croissent des cristaux
de fluorite, à partir d'une solution mère. Des cristaux
parfaits à surfaces brillantes et lumineuses sont ainsi
créés.
Il
n'est pas rare qu'à cette phase de croissance, suive une
phase au cours de laquelle les cristaux sont attaqués par
un liquide agressif et corrosif. Pendant cette phase, la solution
corrosive attaque souvent le cristal par l'intérieur, et
par les arêtes lorsque celles-ci ont leur structure atomique
qui présente un certain désordre.
Lors
de la cristallogénèse, il y a des étapes
qui ne donnent pas des surfaces cristallines lumineuses, mais
qui donnent des des noyaux bizarement formés : emoussés,
corrodés, mat ternis. Ainsi, ils peuvent apporter aux collectionneurs
beaucoup d'informations sur le genèse puis leur destruction.
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Figures
de croissance et de dissolution.
Mine
de Margou - Tarn
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Introduction:
La
fluorite, dans l'étude des processus de dissolution et
de corrosion, est pour plusieurs raison, un minéral approprié:
*
Avec 19 mg/L, la fluorite à une bonne solubilité
dans l'eau. C'est pour cette raison que les figures de dissolution
sont courants et rapides;
*Les
cristaux de fluorite ont souvent des défaut de structure,
et ceux-ci se developpent en des figures interessantes pendant
la corrosion;
*Grâce
à ses différentes structures, la fluorite montre
des figures de dissolution sur plusieurs couches et niveaux;
*La
fluorite est abondante dans la nature, et est également
proposée aux collectionneurs, lors de boureses minéralogiques,
sous des variétés incroyables, et provenant des
sites du monde entier. Malheureusement, beaucoup de spécimens
qui étaient interessants à cause de leurs figures
de dissolution, ne sont jamais arrivés sur le marché,
car jugée pas assez belle par le vendeur.
Dans
cet article, l'objectif est de présenter le monde fascinant
des phénomènes de dissolution et de corrosion naturels
des cristaux de fluorite. Certaines observations resteront dans
le domaine de la spéculation car la genèse de la
dissolution sont impossible à observer et à suivre
dans des conditions clairement définies (comme celles d'un
laboratoire).
(Comparer
les deux articles et les différentes espérimentations
de Robert B....)
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Cristaux
de fluorite de Argbla - Maroc
Ici, les cristaux violets montrent une dissolution marquée,
notamment au niveau des angles.
Outre
de semblables figures, les cristaux bleu-vert reposaient
sur un minéral qui cristallisa sous forme de lamelles
et qui a été dissout (barytine?)
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Figure
de dissolution ou de croissance?
Rogerley - Angleterre.
Collection
Sutcliffe.
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Les
différents cristaux ci-dessus, proviennent de la
mine du Franciman, commune de Saint-Jean-de-Jeannes -
Tarn.
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Certaines
géodes du Filon Jaune présentent des formations
nuageuses au centre des cristaux. Ces formations sont des figures
de dissolution qui se manifestent dans d'autres géodes,
par des cristaux aux zones centrales dissoutes et évidées.
Les coins restent intacts et gemmes (tout comme les fluorines
d'Elmwood Mine). |
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Fluorite
"fondue".
Provenance : Italie.
Collection
Gilles Emringer
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This
is a highly choice etched fluorite crystal set on a matrix of
other etched purple fluorites, this with minor black crystallized
sphalerite. The main etched crystal comes out of the mass
of crystallized fluorite somewhat, terminating in a glassy three
sided cubic crystal. This is like a window that looks into
the fluorite showing great transparency. Neat and pretty;
I cannot find any damage. Size: 8.6 x 4.6 x 6.3 cm.
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Fluorite
with Sphalerite - Stonewall, Central Tennessee Ba-F-Pb-Zn District,
Smith Co., Tennessee, USA
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This
is a somewhat unusual and neat specimen consisting of several
inter-grown etched fluorite crystals forming a cluster measuring
12 x 6 x 6.3 cm in size overall. The base of the specimen
shows the etched "snow cones" of fluorite as seen in
the photo at lower left; the top of the specimen consists of glassy
three sided cubic crystals "topping off" the "snow
cone" etched bases. The crystals from the top are very
glassy and show great transparency, with the interior of the fluorite
a dull yellow to purple in color. The quality of the
fluorite on the interior is very high and would most likely cut
one or more excellent faceted gemstones. To top off the
specimen, the cubic faces are partly to wholly coated by micro
gemmy reddish-black sphalerite crystals. These in turn are
partly coated by tiny colorless sparkling calcite crystals.
The crystal at the far left in the photo at upper right has a
chip in the back corner of the crystal; otherwise the specimen
on top is perfect. The base of the specimen, showing the
etching, is undamaged except for the point of the etched crystal
in the close up photo at lower left.
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Fluorite
with Barite & Sphalerite - Elmwood Mine, Carthage, Central Tennessee
Ba-F-Pb-Zn District, Smith Co., Tennessee, USA
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This is a very neat hand sized combination specimen! A large
grouping of white crystallized barite is hosting, on one end, an
etched cone shaped crystallized pale purple fluorite crystal grouping.
The lower part of the fluorite is highly etched, the top a three
faced cube that is glassy and shows great transparency. There
are sparkling small reddish-black sphalerite crystals sprinkled
about the fluorite. These etched fluorite crystals are peculiar
to Elmwood, but normally are seen only as loose matrix-less specimens.
This is exceptional and unusual with the barite. Measures
8.8 x 6 x 4 cm in size overall and shows all around. I cannot
find any damage on this specimen; the sphalerite crystals are quite
gemmy red under magnification and very pretty.
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Special
thanks to Dan Weinrich
for theses photos and texts. The specimens all come from Dr. Steve
Neely collection and were published in the Mineralogical Record
magazine.
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Fluorite - Minerva Mine USA
Photo Suart Wilensky
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ROSICLARE/SUB-ROSICLARE
LEVELS, HILL-LEDFORD MINE, OZARK-MAHONING COMPANY, CAVE-IN-ROCK
DISTRICT, SOUTHERN ILLINOIS
A
large group of grapey-purple cubic fluorite crystals (to 6 cm) with
no apparent point of attachment (a floater). Near the center
of one area is a classic 'Bird's Nest' (5x7 cm) that is either formed
by preferential dissolution of a barite nodule/ball, or, by an overgrowth
on a hydrocarbon inclusion. Judging from the texture of the fluorite
surface I favor the former hypothesis as the surface is scored and
striated suggesting a barite ball. These barites, prior to dissolution,
would resemble those from the Elmwood orebodies. The process of
barite removal is most prevalent at the nearby Minerva orebody but
these distinctive 'Bird's nests' are definitely the best from the
Hill-Ledford. It is very unsual to find such a displayable example
aesthetically formed on a fluorite group. From mining ca. late 1960s.
An excellent, large cabinet specimen from southern Illinois. 12x16x25
cm.
ROSICLARE/SUB-ROSICLARE
LEVEL, HILL-LEDFORD MINE, OZARK-MAHONING COMPANY, CAVE-IN-ROCK DISTRICT,
SOUTHERN ILLINOIS
Rich, grapey/purple fluorite with a light raspberry tinge in combination
with light tan colored calcites. There are two well developed hemispherical
impressions in the fluorite which are the result of preferential
dissolution of barite. The interior of these areas shows etched
fluorite while outside the cubes are unaltered. The calcites are
numerous and add excellent visual appeal. Mined c. 1960s. Associated
brown sphalerite. In very excellent condition. Classic Illinois
locality. 10.5 x 10.5 x 19 cm.
Thanks
to Ross Lillie http://www.northstarminerals.com
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois.2 1/4" x 3".
Blue with purple phantom
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois.
3 1/2" x 2 1/4". Blue with purple phantom
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 3 1/4" x 2 1/2". Blue with
purple phantom
with yellow/red.
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Fluorite - Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 2 3/8" x 1 3/4"
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 2 1/2" x 2".
Blue with purple phantom. With yellow/red.
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 6" x 4 3/4". In sunlight.
Blue with purple phantom. With yellow/red.
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 4" x 3 1/2". Good light blue
secondary growth.
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 4 1/2" x 4".
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Fluorite
with Ferberite - Kara Oba, Kazakhstan. 1 1/2" x 1 1/4".
Good older
piece. From the Gilbert Collection.
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 3 1/2" x 3".
Blue with purple phantom
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois.3 1/4" x 2 1/2".
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Fluorite - Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 6 1/2" x 6". Very
attractive on matrix. Good color change.
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 3 3/8" x 3"
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 2" x 2".
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 4" x 3 1/2".
Good light blue secondary growth.
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 5 3/4" x 4 1/2".
Blue with purple phantom. With yellow/red.
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 3 1/4" x 2 1/2".
Blue with purple phantom.
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 3 3/8" x 2 1/2".
Blue with purple phantom
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Fluorite - Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 2" x 1 3/4".
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Fluorite
- Deardorff Lead, Illinois. 3 1/2" x 3".
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Elmwood
mine - Coll J. Evlard.
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